Improvement in brushes



WITNESSES INV'ENTE|H v V MZM Kama 'TATES ITED JOHN S. WHITE, OFPORTLAND, MAINE.

Specification forming partof Letters Patent No. 180,296, dated July 25,1876 application filed May 1, 1 876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN S. WHITE, of Portland, in the county of(Jumberland and State of Maine, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Brush Handles and Plugs; and I do hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, whichwill enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make anduse the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a brush-handle with my improved plugthereon, on which projecting strips of wood are made. Fig. 2 is a bottomplan of Fig. 1'.

Same letters show like parts.

The purpose of my invention is to produce an improved brush, and one inwhich the bristles are held with increased firmness andsecurity.

I will first describe the plug or disk, which fits into the ferrule, andagainst which the butts of the bristles impinge. The butt is providedwith projecting strips, formed from the wood of the butt itself. Thesestrips are in straightlines across the face of the plug, as in Fig. 2.The plug itself is perforated to receive either a round or oval handle.

In the accompanying drawing, a shows plugs; b, the strips or projectionson the under side thereof; 0, the brush-handles. d shows the ferrules.

The mode of making a brush with my improved plugs is as follows: Thebristles are placed within the ferrule, and the plug pushed down uponthe butts of the bristles, so that the wooden strips or circles shallpenetrate among the same. Thehandle is then driven up through the plugin the usual way. The butts of the bristles are covered with moistcement before the plug is placed in contact with the same.

When the handle is driven in as described it will be perceived that thebristles, in case of the straight strips, are forced against the stripsand the ferrule in such a way as to bind them very firmly within theferrule. The expansion and pressure towhich they are subjected will beunderstood when it is seen that in the case of a plug and handle likeFigs. 1 and 5, the entire'hole c is filled with the handle, and thebristles forced away and compressed to that extent. When the cementbecomes dry, the strips, plugs, and head of the bristles are fi'fmlyunited together. This method affords greater strength than whenprojecting teeth or pegs are used.

The oval or fiat handle, as in Fig. 1, besides aiding inforcing thebristles tightly into the ferrule, is also more convenient, because itfits the hand and fingers more naturally than a round one. More work canbe accomplished with it, with less fatigue to the hand and wrist, thanwith a round one. Furthermore, its shape isof advantage in the breakingin or shaping of a brush, especially in the hands of an inexperiencedworkman. This is because, from the shape of the handle, the brush isheld steadily, and does not turn frequently in the hand. Thus thebristles are worn out evenly. l

The strips are wedge-shaped, as shown in Fig. 1, so that they compressthe bristles between the strips themselves, and force them against theferrule.

The combination of the handle and the straight strips has a verybeneficial effect in closely binding the bristles within the ferrule.

The straight wedge-shaped strips present no obstacle in binding thebristles between the butt of the handle and the ferrule; but thecompression occasioned by driving in the handleis extended to the innerside or periphery. of the ferrule. Where, for instance, the strips arearranged. in circles, the driving in ofthe handle only compresses thebristles within the inner circle; but in my invention the effect ofdriving in the handle is extended throughout the whole space within theferrule. This results froin'having the wedge-shaped strip straight, andarranged as shown.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The combination of the tapering handle 0, head it, provided with rows ofstraight wedges b, and the ferrule 01, substantially as hereindescribed.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I afiix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

JOHN S. WHITE.

Witnesses;

WILLIAM HENRY CLIFFORD, HERBERT G. BRIGGS.

ATENT Genoa.

